How define PRIMARY KEY on column in the table? – SQL Server 2012

Almost all tables in databases have column with primary key. This column often has int datatype.

How define column of primary key? It is very simple. You must use  PRIMARY KEY clause  after datatype.

create table osoby
(
  id_osoby int PRIMARY KEY,
  nazwisko varchar(150) not null
);

I sometimes meet in databases projects added NOT NULL constraint.  It isn’t needed, because  in SQL ServerPRIMARY KEY containts constraints: UNIQUE and NOT NULL. If You open Design window Management Studio for osoby table, You see  in Properties section, that Allow Nulls isn’t  check.

Another way to define PRIMARY KEY is use constraint clause. After columns definition, this clause are place with its name and  PRIMARY KEY clause and brackets with name of column for key.

create table osoby
(
  id_osoby int,
  nazwisko varchar(150) not null,
  constraint pk_osoba PRIMARY KEY( id_osoby )
);

Third way to define primary key is place after definitions of columns PRIMARY KEY, and after this clause brackets with name of column for key.

create table osoby
(
  id_osoby int,
  nazwisko varchar(150) not null,
  PRIMARY KEY( id_osoby )
);

Primary key may be define either for several columns:

create table lista
(
  nr int,
  nazwisko varchar(150),
  imie varchar(100) not null,
  PRIMARY KEY(nr, nazwisko)
);

One table may have only one primary key.